01—Abstract
Summary
Summary of the 10-K filed February 27, 2026. Cited figures are marked; the original filing is the authoritative source.
International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (IFF) reported net sales of $10.890 billiona for 2025, down 5% from $11.484 billion in 2024, while comparable currency neutral sales rose 2%.
The company posted a net loss attributable to IFF shareholders of $361 millionb, or $(1.41) per share, compared with net income of $263 million in 2024. The loss was driven primarily by a $1.153 billion goodwill impairment on the Food Ingredients reporting unit, which followed the January 1, 2025 segment reorganization. Gross margin improved to 36.2% from 35.9%, and Segment Adjusted Operating EBITDA totaled $2.086 billion, with consolidated margin at 19.2%.
The company completed the divestitures of the Pharma Solutions disposal group (gross cash proceeds of approximately $2.581 billionc) and the Nitrocellulose business in May 2025, and it is pursuing strategic alternatives for Food Ingredients, including a pending sale of its Soy Crush, Concentrates & Lecithin business expected to close in the second quarter of 2026. Cash flow from operations fell to $850 million from $1.070 billion, while investing cash flow of $2.269 billion reflected divestiture proceeds. Total debt declined to $5.994 billion at December 31, 2025, following tender offers that retired $2.0 billion of senior notes and produced a $488 million gain on extinguishment.
The filing also discloses ongoing antitrust investigations and class action lawsuits related to its fragrance businesses, with a $43 milliond provision recorded in 2025 for U.S. class action lawsuits. The company revised prior-period tax-related errors and disclosed that its disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting were effective as of December 31, 2025.
02—Key points
Key Highlights
- Net sales were $10.890 billion in 2025, down 5% from $11.484 billion, and up 2% on a comparable currency neutral basis.
- Net loss attributable to IFF shareholders was $361 million, or $(1.41) per share, versus net income of $263 million in 2024, reflecting a $1.153 billion goodwill impairment in Food Ingredients.
- Gross margin improved to 36.2% from 35.9%, and Segment Adjusted Operating EBITDA was $2.086 billion, a 19.2% consolidated margin.
- Divestitures of the Pharma Solutions disposal group (gross cash proceeds of approximately $2.581 billion) and the Nitrocellulose business were completed in May 2025, and the Soy Crush, Concentrates & Lecithin business sale is expected to close in the second quarter of 2026.
- Total debt was $5.994 billion at December 31, 2025, after $2.0 billion of senior note tender offers that generated a $488 million gain on debt extinguishment.
- Operating cash flow decreased to $850 million from $1.070 billion, primarily due to higher working capital and a larger incentive compensation payout.
- The company faces ongoing antitrust investigations and class action lawsuits in the U.S. and Canada related to its fragrance businesses, with the DOJ closing its U.S. criminal investigation on February 5, 2026.
03—One dollar
Follow one dollar
For each $1.00 of revenue in FY2025, International Flavors & Fragrances lost $0.03.
- Revenue$10.89B100.0%
- Cost of revenue−$6.95B63.8%
- Gross profit$3.94B36.2%
- Operating costs−$4.32B39.7%
- Operating income−$382.0M3.5%
- Interest, other & tax$21.0M0.2%
- Net income−$361.0M3.3%
04—Financials
Financial Highlights
Figures from 10-KFY2025filed February 27, 2026Financial Statements
FY2025 against FY2024
| Line item | FY2025FY2024 | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $10.89B$11.48B | −5.2% |
| Cost of Revenue | $6.95B$7.36B | −5.5% |
| Gross Profit | $3.94B$4.12B | −4.5% |
| R&D Expenses | $694.00M$671.00M | +3.4% |
| SG&A Expenses | $1.83B$2.00B | −8.1% |
| Operating Income | -$382.00M$766.00M | −149.9% |
| Net Income | -$361.00M$263.00M | −237.3% |
| EPS (Basic) | $-1.41$1.04 | −235.6% |
| EPS (Diluted) | $-1.41$1.04 | −235.6% |
| Shares Outstanding (Basic) | 256.00M256.00M | 0.0% |
| Shares Outstanding (Diluted) | 256.00M256.00M | 0.0% |
05—Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
Why did IFF report a net loss in 2025 after a profit in 2024?
The net loss attributable to IFF shareholders of $361 million in 2025 was driven mainly by a $1.153 billion goodwill impairment on the Food Ingredients reporting unit, recorded after the January 1, 2025 segment reorganization. Net income in 2024 was $263 million.
How did the divestitures affect IFF's 2025 results?
The Pharma Solutions disposal group was sold for gross cash proceeds of about $2.581 billion, and the Nitrocellulose business was sold in May 2025. The filing states that the change in business portfolio mix from divestitures was approximately $757 million of sales in the comparable base, and divestitures reduced cost of sales by approximately $493 million.
How is IFF's debt position after 2025?
Total debt was $5.994 billion at December 31, 2025, down from $8.977 billion a year earlier. The company repurchased $2.0 billion of senior notes through tender offers, and had no borrowings under its $2.0 billion Revolving Credit Facility, which matures in June 2030.
What legal risks does IFF disclose?
IFF is subject to antitrust investigations in several jurisdictions relating to its fragrance businesses and to class action lawsuits in the U.S. and Canada. It recorded a $43 million provision in 2025 for U.S. class action lawsuits, and says the outcomes are uncertain and could have a material adverse effect.
What is the outlook for capital spending and shareholder returns?
The company expects 2026 capital spending of approximately 6% of sales. It paid dividends of $409 million in 2025 at $1.60 per share, and its $500 million share repurchase program, announced August 5, 2025, had $462 million remaining at year end.
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